Medical cannabis (THC:CBD 1:1) in symptom control in advanced cancer: RCT

Introduction and clinical context

The study Medical cannabis (THC:CBD 1:1) in symptom control in advanced cancer: RCT (PubMed · 2025) is part of the scientific research on the use of cannabinoids in palliative care.

In palliative care, the goal is comfort and quality of life. Medical cannabis is studied for the joint management of symptoms such as pain, nausea, loss of appetite, insomnia and fatigue, often in patients with advanced cancer. Systematic reviews point to a possible symptomatic benefit, though with variable evidence quality. The indication is individualized and integrates into the care plan led by the healthcare team.

Understanding what science shows about the use of cannabinoids in palliative care helps patients and healthcare professionals make safer, well-founded decisions, based on evidence rather than common sense.

Methodology and findings

This clinical trial was conducted in a controlled manner, comparing the treatment with a reference group. Double-blind placebo-controlled trial of THC:CBD 1:1 oil for symptoms in advanced cancer. The blinded, controlled design reduces bias and increases the reliability of the finding. Results from controlled trials like this are especially valuable for guiding therapeutic decisions.

Mechanism of action and safety

In palliative care, the goal is the simultaneous control of multiple symptoms. Cannabinoids act on the endocannabinoid system, modulating pain, nausea, appetite and sleep, and the THC:CBD ratio is adjusted according to the symptomatic target. Safety considers the often frail, polymedicated patient: sedation, dizziness and interactions deserve attention, balancing comfort and adverse effects. Individualized titration and integration into the team's care plan are essential to maximize quality of life without overburdening the patient.

Regulation in Brazil (Anvisa)

In Brazil, access to cannabis products is regulated by Anvisa — mainly through RDC 660/2022 (patient import with a medical prescription) and the new manufacturing and import framework, RDC 1,015/2026. Any therapeutic use must start from an individualized medical assessment and prescription. This content is informative and scientific and does not replace the guidance of a healthcare professional.

This is informative content produced by Brazcann; for the full methodology and detailed results, consult the original publication (PubMed · 2025). Access to cannabis treatments must always occur through the regulated pathway, with a prescription and medical follow-up.

Frequently asked questions

What is cannabis for in palliative care?

For the joint management of symptoms (pain, nausea, appetite, sleep), seeking comfort and quality of life.

Does it replace the team's treatment?

No. It integrates into the care plan led by the healthcare team.