Cannabis framework 2026 (RDC 1,011–1,015) | Brazcann

The new cannabis regulatory framework in Brazil is the sector's biggest transformation since RDC 327/2019. In 2026, Anvisa published a set of five resolutions — RDCs 1,011 to 1,015 — that reorganize everything from importing and manufacturing to cultivation and research. This guide explains, directly, what each one changes, when it takes effect and how companies and patients can prepare.

What came before: RDC 327/2019 and RDC 660/2022

Until now, two pillars supported access: RDC 327/2019, which regulated the manufacturing, import, sale and prescription of cannabis products, and RDC 660/2022, which allows import directly by the patient, with a medical prescription and registration with Anvisa. The new framework modernizes this structure — RDC 327 is replaced by RDC 1,015/2026.

The five RDCs of the new framework (1,011–1,015)

• RDC 1,011/2026 — updates the Ordinance 344/98 lists to enable cannabis cultivation and research in Brazil.
• RDC 1,012/2026 — requirements for cultivating Cannabis sativa exclusively for research.
• RDC 1,013/2026 — requirements for cultivating hemp (THC ≤ 0.3%) for medical and research purposes. It is the gateway for industrial hemp in the country.
• RDC 1,014/2026 — a regulatory sandbox: an experimental, monitored environment for cultivating and preparing medical cannabis.
• RDC 1,015/2026 — the new framework for manufacturing, importing, prescribing and dispensing cannabis products, replacing RDC 327.

Add to this MAPA Ordinance 1,342/2025, which sets phytosanitary requirements for importing Cannabis sativa seeds — a key piece to unlock cultivation.

When it takes effect

The new framework is set to take effect on August 4, 2026. Until then, it is a preparation period: adapting processes, documentation and strategies for importing, cultivation and R&D.

What changes in practice

For companies

A new market opens: hemp cultivation, research, domestic manufacturing and a sandbox to innovate with regulatory backing. Entire chains — from textiles and bioplastics to food and cosmetics — gain a possible domestic raw material. See how major brands could take advantage of this in cases like functional beverages with CBD, foods with hemp seed and automotive hemp composites.

For patients

Patient import (RDC 660) remains valid, and the new framework is likely to expand domestic supply and access. Every therapy must start from an individualized medical assessment and prescription.

How to prepare

Map your need (import, cultivation, manufacturing, research), organize your documentation and follow the official texts. The full documents are in our library: RDC 1,015/2026, RDC 1,013/2026 and RDC 660/2022.

Frequently asked questions

When does the new cannabis framework take effect?

It is scheduled to take effect on August 4, 2026; the prior period is for adaptation.

Is RDC 660 still valid?

Yes. Patient import with a prescription and Anvisa registration remains valid; the new framework complements it.

Has hemp cultivation been allowed?

RDC 1,013/2026 sets the requirements for cultivating hemp (THC ≤ 0.3%) for medical and research purposes.

Brazcann specializes in regulatory intelligence, importing and structuring cannabis and hemp businesses in Brazil — helping companies position themselves ahead of the 2026 shift. Explore regulation in our system or talk to our team.

Informative content; it does not replace legal or medical advice. Always check Anvisa's official texts.